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Prof. Benjamin Ferencz

Mr. Benjamin B. Ferencz
Professor of International Law and former Nuremberg Prosecutor

Biography Biography in PDF format

Criminal Law and Procedure
International Criminal Law
In a series of lectures entitled "The Evolution of International Law - A Personal Account", Benjamin B. Ferencz describes his personal experiences and conclusions over more than half a century trying to replace the law of force by the force of law. As part of a comprehensive historical review, he describes the little-known trials by military commissions that preceded the International Military Tribunal and the dozen subsequent trials at Nuremberg where other leading perpetrators were held accountable. Ferencz describes the unprecedented efforts thereafter to obtain restitution and compensation for victims. Deterring illegal war-making -- the crime of aggression -- became his primary goal and produced many scholarly books and countless articles. His lectures around the world in support of the International Criminal Court and his determined optimism remain a continuing inspiration.

The Evolution of International Criminal Law –
A Personal Account, Part I

Original Lecture in English

Video | Audio
(14/11/2007, 33 minutes)

Lecture with simultaneous interpretation
    Français    

The Evolution of International Criminal Law –
A Personal Account, Part II

Original Lecture in English

Video | Audio
(14/11/2007 28 minutes)

Lecture with simultaneous interpretation
العربية 中文 Français Русский Español

The Evolution of International Criminal Law –
A Personal Account, Part III

Video | Audio
(14/11/2007, 26 minutes)

The Evolution of International Criminal Law –
A Personal Account, Part IV

Video | Audio
(19/11/2007, 41 minutes)

The Evolution of International Criminal Law –
A Personal Account, Part V

Video | Audio
(19/11/2007, 24 minutes)

Criminal Law and Procedure
International Criminal Law
The Evolution of International Criminal Law – A Personal Account
A. Legal Instruments
Magna Carta, 1215.

The Peace of Westphalia (Treaties of Münster and Osnabrück), Münster/Osnabrück, 1648.

United States Declaration of Independence, Philadelphia, 4 July 1776.

Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field (Lieber Code), 24 April 1863.

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 (Text of the Conventions available on the website of Yale Law School’s Avalon Project).

Covenant of the League of Nations, League of Nations, Paris, 28 April 1919, Official Journal, 1st year, No. 1, February 1920, p. 3 (Text of the Covenant available on the website of Yale Law School’s Avalon Project).

Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice, San Francisco, 26 June 1945.

Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis, and Charter of the International Military Tribunal, London, 8 August 1945.

Military Law 59, 12 Fed. Reg. 7983 (1947).

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Paris, 9 December 1948, United Nations,  Treaty Series, vol. 78, p. 277.

Universal Declaration on Human Rights, Paris, 10 December 1948.

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Montego Bay, 10 December 1982, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1833, p.3.

Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to paragraph 2 of Security Council resolution 808 (1993) (S/25704), 3 May 1993.

Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Security Council resolution 955 (1994) of 8 November 1994.

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Rome, 17 July 1998, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 2187, p. 3.

United States of America, American Service-Members’ Protection Act, 116 Stat. 820 (2002).

Security Council resolution 1757 of 30 May 2007 (Statute of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon).
B. Jurisprudence
International Military Tribunal, Judgment and Sentences, Nuremburg, 1 October 1946, reprinted in American Journal of International Law, vol. 41, 1946, p. 172.
C. Documents
Haile Selassie, Appeal to the League of Nations, Geneva, 30 June 1936.

General Assembly resolution 3314 (XXIX) of 14 December 1974 (Definition of Aggression).

Security Council resolution 670 (1990) of 25 September 1990.

Security Council resolution 808 (1993) of 22 February 1993.

Report of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991 by Antonio Cassese, Agenda Item 49 of the Fifty-second Session of the General Assembly, also submitted to the Security Council in its Fifty-Second Year, (A/52/375, S/1997/729, 7 August 1997).
D. Doctrine
J. Bluntschli, Das moderne Kriegsrecht der civilisirten Staten (Modern Laws of War of Civilized States), Druck und Verlag der C. H. Beck’schen Buchhandlung, Nördlingen, 1866.

B. Carruthers (ed.), The Nuremberg trials, the Complete Proceedings, Coda Books Limited, 2011.

B. Ferencz, A Common Sense Guide to World Peace, Oceana Publications, Inc., New York, 1985.

B. Ferencz, An International Court: A Step Toward World Peace, Oceana Publications, Inc., New York, 1975.

B. Ferencz, Defining International Aggression, Oceana Publications, Inc., New York, 1975.

B. Ferencz, Enforcing International Law: A Way to World Peace, Oceana Publications, Inc., New York, 1983.

B. Ferencz, Less Than Slaves: Jewish Forced Labor and the Quest for Compensation, Harvard University Press, Boston, 1979.

B. Ferencz, “Misguided Fears about the International Criminal Court”, Pace International Law Review, vol. 15, 2003, p. 223.

B. Ferencz, K. Keyes, Jr., PlanetHood: The Key to Your Future, Vision Books, Coos Bay, 1991.

S. Glueck, War Criminals: Their Prosecution and Punishment, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1944.

K. Keyes, Jr., The Hundredth Monkey, Vision Books, Coos Bay, 1982.

T. Paine, Common Sense, R. Bell, Philadelphia, 1776.

A. Speer, Inside the Third Reich, Simon & Schuster, New York, 1970.

A. Speer, Spandau: The Secret Diaries, Verlag-Ullstein GmbH, Frankfurt/Main – Berlin, 1975.

Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War, 431 BCE.
E. Additional References
For more books, articles, interviews and other materials by the lecturer, see his official website.