1. The General Assembly of the United Nations, in its resolution 51/207 of 17 December 1996, decided to hold a diplomatic conference of plenipotentiaries in 1998 with a view to finalizing and adopting a convention on the establishment of an international criminal court.

2. The General Assembly, in its resolution 52/160 of 15 December 1997, accepted with deep appreciation the generous offer of the Government of Italy to act as host to the conference and decided to hold the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court in Rome from 15 June to 17 July 1998.

3. Previously, the General Assembly, in its resolution 44/39 of 4 December 1989, had requested the International Law Commission to address the question of establishing an international criminal court; in resolutions 45/41 of 28 November 1990 and 46/54 of 9 December 1991, invited the Commission to consider further and analyse the issues concerning the question of an international criminal jurisdiction, including the question of establishing an international criminal court; and in resolutions 47/33 of 25 November 1992 and 48/31 of 9 December 1993, requested the Commission to elaborate the draft statute for such a court as a matter of priority.

4. The International Law Commission considered the question of establishing an international criminal court from its forty-second session, in 1990, to its forty-sixth session, in 1994. At the latter session, the Commission completed a draft statute for an international criminal court, which was submitted to the General Assembly.

5. The General Assembly, in its resolution 49/53 of 9 December 1994, decided to establish an ad hoc committee to review the major substantive and administrative issues arising out of the draft statute prepared by the International Law Commission and, in light of that review, to consider arrangements for the convening of an international conference of plenipotentiaries.

6. The Ad Hoc Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court met from 3 to 13 April and from 14 to 25 August 1995, during which time the Committee reviewed the issues arising out of the draft statute prepared by the International Law Commission and considered arrangements for the convening of an international conference.

7. The General Assembly, in its resolution 50/46 of 11 December 1995, decided to establish a preparatory committee to discuss further the major substantive and administrative issues arising out of the draft statute prepared by the International Law Commission and, taking into account the different views expressed during the meetings, to draft texts with a view to preparing a widely acceptable consolidated text of a convention for an international criminal court as a next step towards consideration by a conference of plenipotentiaries.

8. The Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court met from 25 March to 12 April and from 12 to 30 August 1996, during which time the Committee discussed further the issues arising out of the draft statute and began preparing a widely acceptable consolidated text of a convention for an international criminal court.

9. The General Assembly, in its resolution 51/207 of 17 December 1996, decided that the Preparatory Committee would meet in 1997 and 1998 in order to complete the drafting of the text for submission to the Conference.

10. The Preparatory Committee met from 11 to 21 February, from 4 to 15 August and from 1 to 12 December 1997, during which time the Committee continued to prepare a widely acceptable consolidated text of a convention for an international criminal court.

11. The General Assembly, in its resolution 52/160 of 15 December 1997, requested the Preparatory Committee to continue its work in accordance with General Assembly resolution 51/207 and, at the end of its sessions, to transmit to the Conference the text of a draft convention on the establishment of an international criminal court prepared in accordance with its mandate.

12. The Preparatory Committee met from 16 March to 3 April 1998, during which time the Committee completed the preparation of the draft Convention on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, which was transmitted to the Conference.

13. The Conference met at the headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome from 15 June to 17 July 1998.

14. The General Assembly, in its resolution 52/160, requested the Secretary-General to invite all States Members of the United Nations or members of specialized agencies or of the International Atomic Energy Agency to participate in the Conference. The delegations of 160 States participated in the Conference. The list of participating States is contained in annex II.

15. The General Assembly, in the same resolution, requested the Secretary-General to invite representatives of organizations and other entities that had received a standing invitation from the Assembly pursuant to its relevant resolutions to participate as observers in its sessions and work, on the understanding that such representatives would participate in that capacity, and to invite, as observers to the Conference, representatives of interested regional intergovernmental organizations and other interested international bodies, including the International Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda. The list of such organizations which were represented at the Conference by an observer is contained in annex III.

16. The Secretary-General, pursuant to the same resolution, invited non-governmental organizations accredited by the Preparatory Committee with due regard to the provisions of section VII of Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31 of 25 July 1996, and in particular to the relevance of their activities to the work of the Conference, to participate in the Conference, along the lines followed in the Preparatory Committee and in accordance with the resolution, as well as the rules of procedure to be adopted by the Conference. The list of non-governmental organizations represented at the Conference by an observer is contained in annex IV.

17. The Conference elected Mr. Giovanni Conso (Italy) as President.

18. The Conference elected as Vice-Presidents the representatives of the following States: Algeria, Austria, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, China, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt, France, Gabon, Germany, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Japan, Kenya, Latvia, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Samoa, Slovakia, Sweden, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America and Uruguay.

19. The following committees were set up by the Conference:

General Committee
Chairman:	The President of the Conference
Members:	The President and Vice-Presidents of the Conference, the Chairman of the Committee of the Whole and the Chairman of the Drafting Committee
Committee of the Whole
Chairman:	Mr. Philippe Kirsch (Canada)
Vice-Chairmen:	Ms. Silvia Fernandez de Gurmendi (Argentina), Mr. Constantin Virgil Ivan (Romania) and Mr. Phakiso Mochochoko (Lesotho)
Rapporteur:	Mr. Yasumasa Nagamine (Japan)
Drafting Committee
Chairman:	Mr. M. Cherif Bassiouni (Egypt)
Members:	Cameroon, China, Dominican Republic, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Jamaica, Lebanon, Mexico, Morocco, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America and Venezuela.

The Rapporteur of the Committee of the Whole participated ex officio in the work of the Drafting Committee in accordance with rule 49 of the rules of procedure of the Conference.

Credentials Committee
Chairman:	Ms. Hannelore Benjamin (Dominica)
Members:	Argentina, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Dominica, Nepal, Norway, Russian Federation, United States of America and Zambia.

20. The Secretary-General was represented by Mr. Hans Corell, Under-Secretary-General, the Legal Counsel. Mr. Roy S. Lee, Director of the Codification Division of the Office of Legal Affairs, acted as Executive Secretary of the Conference. The secretariat was further composed as follows: Mr. Manuel Rama-Montaldo, Secretary, Drafting Committee; Ms. Mahnoush H. Arsanjani, Secretary, Committee of the Whole; Mr. Mpazi Sinjela, Secretary, Credentials Committee; Assistant Secretaries of the Conference: Ms. Christiane Bourloyannis-Vrailas, Ms. Virginia Morris, Mr. Vladimir Rudnitsky, Mr. Renan Villacis.

21. The Conference had before it a draft Statute on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court transmitted by the Preparatory Committee in accordance with its mandate (A/CONF.183/2/Add.1).

22. The Conference assigned to the Committee of the Whole the consideration of the draft Convention on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court adopted by the Preparatory Committee. The Conference entrusted the Drafting Committee, without reopening substantive discussion on any matter, with coordinating and refining the drafting of all texts referred to it without altering their substance, formulating drafts and giving advice on drafting as requested by the Conference or by the Committee of the Whole and reporting to the Conference or to the Committee of the Whole as appropriate.

23. On the basis of the deliberations recorded in the records of the Conference (A/CONF.183/SR.1 to SR.9) and of the Committee of the Whole (A/CONF.183/C.1/SR.1 to SR.42) and the reports of the Committee of the Whole (A/CONF.183/8) and of the Drafting Committee (A/CONF.183/C.1/L.64, L.65/Rev.1, L.66 and Add.1, L.67/Rev.1, L.68/Rev.2, L.82-L.88 and 91), the Conference drew up the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.

24. The foregoing Statute, which is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, was adopted by the Conference on 17 July 1998 and opened for signature on 17 July 1998, in accordance with its provisions, until 17 October 1998 at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy and, subsequently, until 31 December 2000, at United Nations Headquarters in New York. The same instrument was also opened for accession in accordance with its provisions.

25. After 17 October 1998, the closing date for signature at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy, the Statute will be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

26. The Conference also adopted the following resolutions, which are annexed to the present Final Act:

Tribute to the International Law Commission

Tribute to the participants in the Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court and its Chairman

Tribute to the President of the Conference, to the Chairman of the Committee of the Whole and to the Chairman of the Drafting Committee

Tribute to the People and the Government of Italy

Resolution on treaty crimes

Resolution on the establishment of the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the representatives have signed this Final Act.

DONE at Rome this 17th day of July, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight, in a single copy in the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally authentic.

By unanimous decision of the Conference, the original of this Final Act shall be deposited in the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy.

The President of the Conference:
 
 
 
 

Giovanni Conso

The Representative of the Secretary-General:
 
 
 
 
 

Hans Corell

The Executive Secretary of the Conference:
 
 
 
 
 

Roy S. Lee

 

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ANNEX I

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE UNITED NATIONS DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCE OF PLENIPOTENTIARIES ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT

A
The United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court

Resolves to express its deep gratitude to the International Law Commission for its outstanding contribution in the preparation of the original draft of the Statute, which constituted the basis for the work of the Preparatory Committee.

B
The United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court

Pays tribute to the participants in the Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court and its Chairman, Mr. Adriaan Bos, for their outstanding and hard work, commitment and dedication.

C
The United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court

Expresses its deep appreciation and gratitude to the People and the Government of Italy for making the necessary arrangements for the holding of the Conference in Rome, for their generous hospitality and for their contribution to the successful completion of the work of the Conference.

D
The United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court

Expresses its appreciation and thanks to Mr. Giovanni Conso, President of the Conference, Mr. Philippe Kirsch, Chairman of the Committee of the Whole, and Mr. M. Cherif Bassiouni, Chairman of the Drafting Committee, who, through their experience, skilful efforts and wisdom in steering the work of the Conference, contributed greatly to the success of the Conference.

E
The United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court,

Having adopted the Statute of the International Criminal Court,

Recognizing that terrorist acts, by whomever and wherever perpetrated and whatever their forms, methods or motives, are serious crimes of concern to the international community,

Recognizing that the international trafficking of illicit drugs is a very serious crime, sometimes destabilizing the political and social and economic order in States,

Deeply alarmed at the persistence of these scourges, which pose serious threats to international peace and security,

Regretting that no generally acceptable definition of the crimes of terrorism and drug crimes could be agreed upon for the inclusion, within the jurisdiction of the Court,

Affirming that the Statute of the International Criminal Court provides for a review mechanism, which allows for an expansion in future of the jurisdiction of the Court,

Recommends that a Review Conference pursuant to article 123 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court consider the crimes of terrorism and drug crimes with a view to arriving at an acceptable definition and their inclusion in the list of crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court.

F
The United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court,

Having adopted the Statute of the International Criminal Court,

Having decided to take all possible measures to ensure the coming into operation of the International Criminal Court without undue delay and to make the necessary arrangements for the commencement of its functions,

Having decided that a preparatory commission should be established for the fulfilment of these purposes,

Decides as follows:

1. There is hereby established the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall convene the Commission as early as possible at a date to be decided by the General Assembly of the United Nations;

2. The Commission shall consist of representatives of States which have signed the Final Act of the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court and other States which have been invited to participate in the Conference;

3. The Commission shall elect its Chairman and other officers, adopt its rules of procedure and decide on its programme of work. These elections shall take place at the first meeting of the Commission;

4. The official and working languages of the Preparatory Commission shall be those of the General Assembly of the United Nations;

5. The Commission shall prepare proposals for practical arrangements for the establishment and coming into operation of the Court, including the draft texts of:

(a) Rules of Procedure and Evidence;

(b) Elements of Crimes;

(c) A relationship agreement between the Court and the United Nations;

(d) Basic principles governing a headquarters agreement to be negotiated between the Court and the host country;

(e) Financial regulations and rules;

(f) An agreement on the privileges and immunities of the Court;

(g) A budget for the first financial year;

(h) The rules of procedure of the Assembly of States Parties;

6. The draft texts of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence and of the Elements of Crimes shall be finalized before 30 June 2000;

7. The Commission shall prepare proposals for a provision on aggression, including the definition and Elements of Crimes of aggression and the conditions under which the International Criminal Court shall exercise its jurisdiction with regard to this crime. The Commission shall submit such proposals to the Assembly of States Parties at a Review Conference, with a view to arriving at an acceptable provision on the crime of aggression for inclusion in this Statute. The provisions relating to the crime of aggression shall enter into force for the States Parties in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Statute;

8. The Commission shall remain in existence until the conclusion of the first meeting of the Assembly of States Parties;

9. The Commission shall prepare a report on all matters within its mandate and submit it to the first meeting of the Assembly of States Parties;

10. The Commission shall meet at the Headquarters of the United Nations. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is requested to provide to the Commission such secretariat services as it may require, subject to the approval of the General Assembly of the United Nations;

11. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall bring the present resolution to the attention of the General Assembly for any necessary action.
  

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ANNEX II
LIST OF STATES PARTICIPATING IN THE UNITED NATIONS DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCE OF PLENIPOTENTIARIES ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT

Afghanistan  Albania  Algeria  Andorra  Angola  Argentina  Armenia  Australia  Austria  Azerbaijan  Bahrain  Bangladesh  Barbados  Belarus  Belgium  Benin  Bolivia  Bosnia and Herzegovina  Botswana  Brazil  Brunei Darussalam  Bulgaria  Burkina Faso  Burundi  Cameroon  Canada  Cape Verde  Central African Republic  Chad  Chile  China  Colombia  Comoros  Congo  Costa Rica  Côte d'Ivoire  Croatia  Cuba  Cyprus  Czech Republic  Democratic Republic  of the Congo  Denmark  Djibouti  Dominica  Dominican Republic  Ecuador  Egypt  El Salvador  Eritrea  Estonia  Ethiopia  Finland  France  Gabon

Georgia  Germany  Ghana  Greece  Guatemala  Guinea  Guinea-Bissau  Haiti  Holy See Honduras  Hungary  Iceland  India  Indonesia  Iran (Islamic Republic of)  Iraq  Ireland  Israel  Italy  Jamaica  Japan  Jordan  Kazakhstan  Kenya  Kuwait  Kyrgyzstan  Lao People's Democratic Republic  Latvia  Lebanon  Lesotho  Liberia  Libyan Arab Jamahiriya  Liechtenstein  Lithuania  Luxembourg  Madagascar  Malawi  Malaysia  Mali  Malta  Mauritania  Mauritius  Mexico  Monaco  Morocco  Mozambique  Namibia  Nepal Netherlands  New Zealand  Nicaragua Niger  Nigeria  Norway

Oman  Pakistan  Panama  Paraguay  Peru  Philippines  Poland  Portugal  Qatar  Republic of Korea  Republic of Moldova  Romania  Russian Federation  Rwanda  Samoa  San Marino  Sao Tome and Principe  Saudi Arabia  Senegal  Sierra Leone  Singapore  Slovakia  Slovenia  Solomon Islands  South Africa  Spain  Sri Lanka  Sudan  Swaziland  Sweden  Switzerland  Syrian Arab Republic  Tajikistan  Thailand  The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia  Togo  Trinidad and Tobago  Tunisia  Turkey  Uganda  Ukraine  United Arab Emirates  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland  United Republic of Tanzania  United States of America  Uruguay  Uzbekistan  Venezuela  Viet Nam  Yemen  Zambia Zimbabwe

 

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ANNEX III

LIST OF ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER ENTITIES REPRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE BY AN OBSERVER

Organizations

Palestine

Intergovernmental organizations and other entities

Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique

Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee

Council of Europe

European Community

European Court of Human Rights

Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission

Inter-American Institute of Human Rights

International Committee of the Red Cross

International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

Inter-Parliamentary Union

League of Arab States

Organization of African Unity

Organization of American States

Organization of the Islamic Conference

Sovereign Military Order of Malta

Specialized agencies and related organizations

International Labour Organization

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

International Fund for Agricultural Development

International Atomic Energy Agency

United Nations programmes and bodies

United Nations Children's Fund

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

United Nations Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

United Nations Office at Vienna, Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

International Law Commission

World Food Programme

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ANNEX IV

LIST OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS REPRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE BY AN OBSERVER

Agir ensemble pour les droits de l'homme (Working Together for Human Rights)

American Association for the International Commission of Jurists

American Association of Jurists

American Bar Association

Amnesty International

Arab Lawyers Union

Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development

Asian Center for Women's Human Rights

Asian Women's Human Rights Council

Asociación por Derechos Humanos (APRODEH; Association for Human Rights)

Australian Lawyers for Human Rights

Baha'í International Community

Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust

Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales

Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies

Canadian Network for an ICC/World Federalists of Canada

Carter Center

Center for Civil Human Rights

Center for Development of International Law

Center for Human Rights and Rehabilitation

Center for Reproductive Law and Policy

Children's Fund of Canada, Inc.

Colombian Commission of Jurists

Comité de Defensa do los Derechos Humanos y del Pueblo (Committee for the

Defence of Human Rights and of the People)

Coalition for International Justice

Comité Latinoamericano y del Caribe para la Defensa de los Derechos de la Mujer

(CLADEM; Latin American and Caribbean Committee for the Defence of

Women's Rights)

Commission of Churches on International Affairs of the World Council of Churches

Committee of Former Nuremberg Prosecutors

Community Law Centre

Conseil national des barreaux (National Bar Council)

Coordinating Board of Jewish Organizations

Corporación Colectivo de Abogados "José Alvear Restrepo" (José Alvear Restrepo

Lawyers Collective Association)

Corporación de Desarrollo de la Mujer (La Morada; Association for the

Development of Women)

Croatian Law Centre

Deutscher Juristinnenbund (German Women Lawyers Association)

Droits et devoirs en démocratie (3D; Rights and Duties in Democracy)

Egyptian Organization for Human Rights

European Law Students Association

Federación de Asociaciones de Defensa y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos

(Federation of Associations for the Defence and Promotion of Human Rights)

Fédération internationale de l'action des Chrétiens pour l'abolition de la

torture (FiACAT; International Federation of Christian Action to Abolish

Torture)

Foundation for Human Rights Initiative

Foundation for the Establishment of an International Criminal Court and

International Law Commission

Friends World Committee for Consultation

Fundación Ecuménica para el Desarrollo y la Paz (FEDEPAZ; Ecumenical Foundation

for Development and Peace)

General Board of Church and Society of the United Methodist Church

Humanitarian Law Center

Human Rights Advocates

Human Rights Watch

ICAR Foundation

Information Workers for Peace

Instituto Latinoamericano de Servicios Legales Alternativos (ILSA; Latin

American Institute of Alternative Legal Services)

Inter Press Service

Interafrican Union for Human Rights

Interamerican Concertation of Women's Human Rights Activists (CIMA)

Inter-American Legal Services Association

International Association of Latin American Lawyers

Interights

Intermedia

International Association for Religious Freedom

International Association of Democratic Lawyers

International Association of Lawyers

International Association of Lawyers against Nuclear Arms (IALANA)

International Association of Penal Law

International Bar Association

International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy

International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development

International Commission of Jurists

International Court of the Environment

International Criminal Defense Attorneys Association

International Federation of Human Rights Leagues

International Federation of Women Lawyers, Kenya

International Human Rights Law Group

International Institute of Higher Studies in Criminal Sciences

International Law Association Committee on a Permanent ICC

International League for Human Rights

International Peace Bureau

International Right to Life Federation

International Scientific and Professional Advisory Council of the

United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme

International Service for Human Rights

International Society for Human Rights, Gambia

International Society for Human Rights, Germany

International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies

Japan Federation of Bar Associations

Juristes sans frontières (Lawyers without Borders)

Lama Gangchen World Peace Foundation

Law Projects Center, Yugoslavia

Lawyers Committee for Human Rights

Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy

Lawyers without Borders

Legal Research and Resource Development Centre

Leo Kuper Foundation

Lutheran World Federation

Médecins du monde (Doctors of the World)

Médecins sans frontières/Doctors without Borders

Minnesota Advocates for Human Rights

Movimento Nacional de Direitos Humanos (National Movement for Human Rights)

Movimiento por la Paz, Desarme y Libertad (National Movement for Peace,

Disarmament and Freedom)

MOVIMONDO (Italy)

National Institute for Public Interest Law and Research

Netherlands Institute of Human Rights

No Peace Without Justice

Norwegian Helsinki Committee

Observatoire international des prisons, section du Cameroun (International

Monitoring Centre for Prisons, Cameroon Branch)

Observatorio para la Paz (Peace Monitoring Centre)

One World Trust

OXFAM (United Kingdom and Ireland)

Pace Peace Center

Parliamentarians for Global Action

Plural - Centro de Estudios Constitutionales (Plural - Centre for Constitutional

Studies)

Real Women of Canada

Redress

Rencontre africaine pour la défense des droits de l'homme (RADDHO; African

Meeting for the Defence of Human Rights)

Save the Children Fund

South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre

Tamilandu United Nations Association

Terre des Hommes Foundation

Terre des Hommes, Germany

Transnational Radical Party

Unión Nacional de Juristas de Cuba (National Union of Cuban Lawyers)

Unitarian Universalist Association

United Nations Association, USA

Volunteers for Prison Inmates

Washington Working Group on the ICC/World Federalist Association

Woman and Men Engaged in Advocacy, Research and Education (WEARE) for Human

Rights

Women's Caucus for Gender Justice and the ICC/MADRE

Women's Consortium of Nigeria

Women's Information Consultative Center

Women's International League for Peace and Freedom

Women's League of Lithuania

World Conference on Religion and Peace

World Federalist Association

World Federalist Movement/IGP

Young European Federalists

ZIMRIGHTS (Zimbabwe Human Rights Association)

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1. Reissued for technical reasons. (back)