Codification Division Publications: United Nations Juridical Yearbook Codification Division Publications: United Nations Juridical Yearbook

1983

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Part One. Legal status of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations

Chapter I. Legislative texts concerning the legal status of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
  1. Botswana  
    Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges Act  
    (a) Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges (Conferment of Personal Immunities and Privileges) Order, 1983 3
    (b) Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges (Conferment of Immunities and Privileges on Certain Organizations) Order, 1983 4
  2. Cameroon  
      Note dated 15 June 1984 from the Permanent Mission of Cameroon to the United Nations 5
  3. Ireland  
      International Jute Organisation (Designation) Order, 1983 5
  4. New Zealand  
      The Diplomatic Privileges (Common Fund for Commodities) Order 1983 6
Chapter II. Treaty provisions concerning the legal status of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
A. Treaty provisions concerning the legal status of the United Nations  
  1. Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations. Approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 13 February 1946 8
  2. Agreements relating to installations and meetings  
    (a) Agreement between the United Nations and Austria regarding the arrangements for the 1983 United Nations Conference on Succession of States in respect of State Property, Archives and Debts, to be held at Vienna from 1 March to 8 April 1983. Signed at Vienna on 3 February 1983 8
    (b) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations and Indonesia concerning the arrangement for the United Nations Seminar on the Question of Palestine, to be held at Jakarta from 9 to 13 May 1983. New York, 9 and 22 February 1983 9
    (c) Agreement between the United Nations and Jamaica relating to the establishment in Jamaica of a United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Law of the Sea for the servicing of the Preparatory Commission of the International Sea-Bed Authority and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Signed at New York on 7 March 1983 10
    (d) Agreement between the United Nations and Brazil on a United Nations Regional Seminar on Space Applications focusing on the implementation of the recommendation of the Second United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNISPACE 82) to be held at Sâo José dos Campos, Sâo Paulo, from 2 to 6 May 1983. Signed at New York on 22 March 1983 17
    (e) Agreement between the United Nations and Denmark relating to the headquarters in Copenhagen of the Integrated Supply Centre of the United Nations Children's Fund (with exchange of notes). Signed at Copenhagen on 12 April 1983 18
    (f) Agreement between the United Nations and Finland regarding arrangements for the sixth session of the Commission on Human Settlements of the United Nations, to be held at Helsinki from 25 April to 6 May 1983. Signed at Helsinki on 15 April 1983 25
    (g) Agreement between the United Nations and Peru regarding the arrangements for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization's meeting on Industrial Strategies and Policies for Developing Countries, to be held at Lima from 18 to 22 April 1983. Signed at Vienna on 18 April 1983 26
    (h) Agreement between the United Nations and Yugoslavia on the arrangements for the sixth session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, to be held at Belgrade from 6 to 30 June 1983. Signed at Geneva on 19 April 1983 28
    (i) Exchange of notes constituting an agreement between the United Nations and Yugoslavia on the abolition of visas for holders of the United Nations laissez-passer. New York, 6 May 1983 29
    (j) Agreement between the United Nations and Bulgaria concerning the arrangements for the European Regional Preparatory Meeting for the Seventh United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, to be held at Sofia from 6 to 10 June 1983. Signed at Vienna on 18 May 1983 30
    (k) Agreement between the United Nations (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) and Spain regarding the United Nations Industrial Development Organization's Meeting on the establishment of the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, to be held at Madrid from 7 to 13 September 1983. Signed at Vienna on 27 July 1983 31
    (l) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics covering general terms applicable to United Nations Seminars, Symposiums and Workshops to be held in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. New York, 14 and 15 June 1983 32
    (m) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations and Romania concerning the arrangements for the European Regional Meeting for the International Youth Year, to be held at Costinesti from 5 to 9 September 1983 (with related letters). Vienna, 11 August 1983 34
    (n) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) and Hungary concerning the arrangements for the Second Consultation on the Pharmaceutical Industry, to be held at Budapest from 21 to 25 November. Vienna, 27 July and 24 August 1983 37
    (o) Agreement between the United Nations and Jamaica regarding the headquarters of the Regional Co-ordinating Unit of the United Nations Environment Programme for the Caribbean Action Plan. Signed at New York on 10 November 1983 38
    (p) Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) and Bangladesh concerning the arrangements for the meeting required under article 40, paragraph 3, of the International Agreement on Jute and Jute Products, 1982, to be convened on 9 January 1984 at Dhaka. Geneva, 5 and 8 December 1983 48
    (q) Agreement between the United Nations (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) and France concerning the UNIDO service in Paris to strengthen industrial co-operation between France and the developing countries. Signed at Vienna on 31 January 1983 50
  3. Agreements relating to the United Nations Children's Fund: Revised Model Agreement concerning the activities of UNICEF  
      Agreement between the United Nations (United Nations Children's Fund) and the Government of Haiti concerning the activities of UNICEF in Haiti. Signed at Port-au-Prince on 21 July 1983 50
  4. Agreements relating to the United Nations Development Programme: Standard Basic Agreement concerning assistance by the United Nations Development Programme  
      Standard Basic Assistance Agreements between the United Nations (United Nations Development Programme) and the Governments of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda and Zambia. Signed respectively at Kingstown on 29 April 1983, at St. John (Antigua) on 26 August 1983 and at Lusaka on 14 October 1983 51
  5. Agreements relating to the United Nations Revolving Fund for Natural Resources Exploration  
      Project Agreement (Natural Resources Exploration Project) between the United Nations (United Nations Revolving Fund for Natural Resources Exploration) and Haiti. Signed at Port-au-Prince on 21 October 1982 51
  6. Agreements relating to the United Nations Capital Development Fund  
      Basic Agreements between the United Nations (United Nations Capital Development Fund) and Chad and Sierra Leone concerning assistance from the United Nations Capital Development Fund. Signed respectively at N'Djamena on 1 April 1983, at Freetown on 13 September 1983 and at New York on 14 October 1983 51
B. Treaty provisions concerning the legal status of intergovernmental organizations related to the United Nations  
  1. Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21 November 1947 52
  2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations  
    (a) Agreement for the establishment of an FAO Representative's Office 52
    (b) Agreements based on the standard "Memorandum of Responsibilities" in respect of FAO sessions 52
    (c) Agreements based on the standard "Memorandum of Responsibilities" in respect of seminars, workshops, training courses or related study tours 52
    (d) Exchange of letters between the Government of Sweden and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations regarding training activities to be held in 1972 53
  3. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization  
      Agreements relating to conferences, seminars and other meetings 53
  4. International Civil Aviation Organization  
      Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Kenya and the International Civil Aviation Organization on the Eastern African Regional Office of ICAO in Namibia. Signed at Nairobi on 6 July 1983 53
  5. World Health Organization  
    (a) Basic Agreements on technical advisory cooperation 53
    (b) Basic Agreement between the Government of Antigua and Barbuda and the Pan American Health Organization represented by the Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the World Health Organization. Signed at Washington on 24 May 1982 and at Antigua on 11 May 1983 54
  6. World Meteorological Organization  
      Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Paraguay and the World Meteorological Organization on the legal status and functioning of the Regional Office for the Americas of WMO in the Republic of Paraguay. Signed at Asuncion on 5 December 1983 55
  7. International Maritime Organization  
      Agreement between the Government of Sweden and the International Maritime Organization regarding the World Maritime University. Signed at London on 9 February 1983 62
  8. International Atomic Energy Agency  
    (a) Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Approved by the Board of Governors of the Agency on 1 July 1959 66
    (b) Incorporation of provisions of the Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Atomic Energy Agency by reference in other agreements 66
    (c) Provisions affecting the privileges and immunities of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Austria 67

Part Two. Legal activities of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations

Chapter III. General review of the legal activities of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
A. General review of the legal activities of the United Nations  
  1. Disarmament and related matters 71
  2. Other political and security questions 81
  3. Economic, social, humanitarian and cultural questions 83
  4. Law of the Sea 93
  5. International Court of Justice 94
  6. International Law Commission 95
  7. United Nations Commission on International Trade Law 96
  8. Legal questions dealt with by the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly and by ad hoc legal bodies 98
  9. Co-operation between the United Nations and the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee 103
  10. United Nations Institute for Training and Research 103
B. General review of the legal activities of intergovernmental organizations related to the United Nations  
  1. International Labour Organization 103
  2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 104
  3. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 110
  4. International Civil Aviation Organization 113
  5. World Health Organization 115
  6. World Bank 115
  7. International Monetary Fund 117
  8. Universal Postal Union 119
  9. World Meteorological Organization 121
  10. International Maritime Organization 125
  11. International Fund for Agricultural Development 127
  12. International Atomic Energy Agency 129
Chapter IV. Treaties concerning international law concluded under the auspices of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
  Treaties concerning International Law concluded under the auspices of the United Nations  
    United Nations Conference on Succession of States in respect of State Property, Archives and Debts (Vienna, 1 March-8 April 1983) 139
Chapter V. Decisions of Administrative Tribunals of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
A. Decisions of the Administrative Tribunal of the United Nations  
  1. Judgement No. 305 (2 June 1983): Jabbour v. the Secretary-General of the United Nations  
      Non-renewal of fixed-term appointment—A staff member on a fixed-term appointment has no legal expectancy of renewal of his contract—Respondent's negligence in failing to extend to the applicant fair and just treatment 151
  2. Judgement No. 306 (2 June 1983): Gakuu v. the Secretary-General of the United Nations  
      Non-renewal of fixed-term appointment—Discovery of false statement made by the applicant frustrates any reasonable expectation of renewal of his contract—Discretionary power of the respondent not to renew the contract 151
  3. Judgement No. 310 (10 June 1983): Estabial v. the Secretary-General of the United Nations  
      Geographical distribution as basis for excluding promotion opportunity—The action constitutes a violation of Article 101.3 of the Charter of the United Nations and staff regulations 4.2 and 4.4—Excessively long delay on the part of the Administration in connection with the hearing of the applicant's appeal—The injury caused to the applicant by the Administration's refusal to take his candidature into consideration cannot be equated with the loss of salary since he did not have a right to promotion 152
  4. Judgement No. 317 (21 October 1983): Cunio v. the Secretary-General of the International Civil Aviation Organization  
      Extent of the power or control of the Tribunal in relation to a unanimous conclusion of the Advisory Joint Appeals Board that an appeal is frivolous within the meaning of article 7, paragraph 3, of the Tribunal's statute—Exclusion of the applicant from hearings of the Advisory Joint Appeals Board—The Board is not competent to examine substantive questions of professional efficiency 153
  5. Judgement No. 320 (28 October 1983): Mills v. the Secretary-General of the United Nations  
      Request for tax reimbursement on a partial lump-sum withdrawal benefit from the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund—Inter-Organization Agreement concerning Transfer, Secondment or Loan of Staff among the organizations applying the United Nations Common System of Salaries and Allowances—Question whether the Agreement is a source of rights and obligations for staff members—Characterization of the reimbursement of the taxes imposed upon the lumpsum payment as "terminal expenses"—Situations resulting from transfer to and from the United Nations should not be resolved in such a way as to create anomalies—Principle of equality of treatment among the staff members of the United Nations 153
B. Decisions of the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization  
  1. Judgment No. 550 (30 March 1983): Glorioso v. Pan American Health Organization (World Health Organization)  
      Irreceivability of a claim on account of non-exhaustion of internal means of redress—Decision of the Director of PAHO refusing to consider a complaint as having allegedly been already disposed of by a previous judgement—Quashing of that decision as tainted with a mistake of law—Only exceptional circumstances warrant compensation for distress and moral injury 155
  2. Judgment No. 551 (30 March 1983): Spangenberg v. European Patent Organization  
      Complaint against a decision denying promotion on the basis of rules applicable to staff members of a specific nationality—Principle of equal treatment among officials of an international organization—Admissibility in certain circumstances of departures from this principle aimed at securing a balanced staff 156
  3. Judgment No. 566 (20 December 1983): Berte and Beslier v. European Patent Organization  
      Salary deductions of staff members on strike—A special rule for calculating deductions cannot be introduced by the organization in breach of staff regulations 157
  4. Judgment No. 570 (20 December 1983): Andres, Blanco and Garcia v. European Southern Observatory (No. 2)  
      Application for review of earlier judgements of the Tribunal— The finality of the Tribunal judgements does not preclude the exercise by the Tribunal of a limited power or review provided certain conditions are met 157
  5. Judgment No. 580 (20 December 1983): Tevoedjre v. International Labour Organisation and Mr. Francis Blanchard  
      Terms of competence of the Tribunal—Retirement age and the special position of the Director-General of the organization—Scope of the principles of equality 158
  6. Judgment No. 595 (20 December 1983): Benyoussef v. World Health Organization  
      Complaint directed at a decision terminating a fixed-term appointment for reasons of health—A complainant cannot alter the substance of his original claim after filing his complaint—In case of termination, the period of notice should begin on the date of notification of the termination decision—The finding of fact serving as a basis for the decision may however be made at a date prior to that of the decision 159
Chapter VI. Selected legal opinions of the secretariats of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations View PDF file
  Legal opinions of the Secretariat of the United Nations (issued or prepared by the Office of Legal Affairs) [see also: additional legal opinions]  
  1. Question whether a transnational corporation is legally obligated to "comply with" or to "observe" a United Nations resolution—Legal character of United Nations resolutions 163
  2. Legal meaning and implications of the words "existing internationally recognized" and "existing international" as qualifications of "boundaries" in, respectively, the 1981 Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States and the 1970 Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations 164
  3. Agenda of meetings of States parties to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights—Question whether the meetings may consider any matter other than the election of members of the Human Rights Committee pursuant to article 30 (4) of the Covenant and, if so, what question can be considered under an agenda item entitled "other matters" 166
  4. Article 19 of the Charter of the United Nations and Working Capital Fund advances—Question of how to take into account, for the purpose of establishing the amount of contributions due from a Member State for the preceding two full years, increases or decreases in the advances that it may be required to make to the Fund 167
  5. Question whether a State participating as an observer on a committee of limited membership can become a co-sponsor of a proposal before the committee 169
  6. Question whether a subsidiary organ can provide that one of its own subsidiaries use fewer languages than itself 169
  7. Question whether membership in any subsidiary organ established by the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme and entrusted to act on its behalf must consist exclusively of States members of the Governing Council 170
  8. Rule 38 of the rules of procedure of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme relating to right of reply—Practice of the General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council regarding the exercise of the right of reply 170
  9. Participation of a Member State as an observer in a session of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law—Implications, as regards participation of the Member State concerned in meeting of United Nations organs, of action taken by the General Assembly with regard to that State's credentials 171
  10. Procedural questions raised in connection with the adoption of a report of the Sub-Committee on Petitions, Information and Assistance of the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples—Question whether action may validly be taken on an amendment not circulated in one of the working languages—Question whether a final vote must be taken on the report as a whole after separate parts have been adopted 171
  11. Question of the publication of an expert's dissent to the report of a group of experts—Existence of a well-established custom in the United Nations for reports prepared by any representative organ or body of governmental experts clearly to reflect dissenting opinions 172
  12. Question whether a Member State not a member of the United Nations Council for Namibia may be granted observer status in the Council 173
  13. Question whether Member States not members of the Credentials Committee may participate as observers in the Committee's work 173
  14. Motion to take no action on a proposal before the General Assembly—Question of whether the motion can properly be made under the rules of procedure of the General Assembly 174
  15. Questions related to the closure of debate and conduct during voting in the plenary meetings of the General Assembly and in the Main Committees—Rules 75 and 88 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly 174
  16. Status under the Charter of the United Nations of the Group of Governmental Experts on International Co-operation to Avert New Flows of Refugees 177
  17. Question whether the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon could play a role as regards the legal and physical protection of refugees in Lebanon, the West Bank and Gaza 178
  18. Question whether a representative of a Member State member of the Security Council holding the office of President of the Security Council may address a communication to himself as President of the Council 179
  19. Accreditation of representatives of Member States members of the Security Council—Practice followed in applying rules 13 and 15 of the provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council 179
  20. Export licences required by the laws of Member States for certain purchases made by the United Nations—Question of how to deal with export licensing requirements of the United States of America for high-technology items purchased by UNIDO from contractors who are neither nationals of, nor located in, the United States 180
  21. World Meteorological Organization Convention and General Regulations—Questions relating to resolution 3 of the Eighth World Meteorological Organization Congress on "Suspension of members for failure to meet financial obligations" 182
  22. Legal and constitutional consequences that would arise from a possible inability of the General Assembly to elect a member of the Economic and Social Council 183
  23. Decision of the Economic and Social Council in its resolution 1982/26 of 4 May 1982 that the Commission on the Status of Women, when acting as preparatory body for the 1985 World Conference to Review and Appraise the Achievements of the United Nations Decade for Women, should "operate on the basis of consensus"—Practice followed in United Nations organs with similar terms of reference 184
  24. Responsibility for costs of a proposed committee against torture—United Nations practice with respect to similar organs established by treaties 185
  25. Question of the provision of summary records for meetings of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women 185
  26. Proposals for the establishment by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization of a standing intergovernmental regional committee which would include as full members a number of territories that are not responsible for the conduct of their international relations—Question of whether precedents exist in intergovernmental organs set up within the United Nations 186
  27. Arrangements for participation of non-governmental organizations in the work of the Economic and Social Council—Question of the circulation of written statements by non-governmental organizations in the Economic and Social Council and its subsidiary organs 187
  28. Membership, associate membership and observer status in the Caribbean Development and Co-operation Committee—Question whether CDCC has the authority to decide whether an associate member of the Economic Commission for Latin America should participate in the Committee's deliberations with the same status as it enjoys in ECLA or whether such status automatically applies to the Committee 188
  29. Rule 46 of the rules of procedure of the Economic and Social Council—Question of granting of the right of reply to Observers 188
  30. Participation of national liberation movements in sessions of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities—Rule 70 of the rules of procedure of the functional commissions of the Economic and Social Council—Practice of the Economic and Social Council in the application of rule 73 of the Council's rules of procedure 189
  31. Question whether the Fourth Committee has the competence to grant a hearing to a petitioner directly on the question of Puerto Rico 190
  32. Question whether United Nations Development Programme funds may be used for technical assistance to territories under United States administration and the French Overseas Territories in the Pacific 191
  33. Arrangements to be made for the provision of assistance by the United Nations Children's Fund to the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of Palau which form part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands—Provision of the Trusteeship Agreement concerning co-operative arrangements with "specialized international bodies"—Analogy with the United Nations Development Programme Basic Agreement concluded with the Administering Authority 192
  34. Circular note sent to the States parties to the statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency by the Government of the United States in its capacity as depositary of the statute concerning the instrument of acceptance tendered by the United Nations Council for Namibia—Question of the accession to multilateral treaties by Namibia as represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia 192
  35. Decision 83/10 of the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme concerning monies that are provided from the United Nations Fund for Namibia, which is administered by the United Nations Council for Namibia, to a trust fund administered by UNDP—Question whether such monies could be considered "government cash counterpart contributions" 194
  36. Procedure followed by the United Nations for receiving assessed contributions 196
  37. Obligations of the United Nations vis-à-vis its staff in evacuation situations—Special responsibility of the host Government vis-à-vis the Organization under the Charter of the United Nations, the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations and the relevant host-country or standard basic agreement 197
  38. Authority of United Nations security officers—Comments on proposed guidelines to Security Service on the use of force vis-à-vis staff members and visitors, use of firearms and nightsticks and the right of security officers to make arrests and to conduct random searches 198
  39. Jurisdiction of the United Nations Administrative Tribunal in respect of pension matters of officials who are not staff members—Analysis of supplementary article B to the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund Regulations adopted by General Assembly resolution 37/131 of 17 December 1982 201
  40. Conditions under which meeting facilities may be provided to closed meetings of non-United Nations organizations and entities which are held at United Nations Headquarters 202
  41. Exclusive competence and authority of the Secretary-General to appoint staff under Article 101 of the Charter of the United Nations 203
  42. United Nations personnel practice regarding appointment of staff members seconded from their national Governments—Question of the termination or renewal of fixed-term appointments on secondment 204
  43. Nationality status of two staff members in the light of a letter received from a permanent mission indicating that the staff members are no longer considered as nationals of the State concerned 205
  44. Issuance of United Nations identity cards to dependants of military observers—Questions of who are eligible dependants, whether secondary dependants may be issued United Nations identity cards and whether a common-law spouse is entitled to such a card 206
  45. Determination for the purpose of the Staff Rules of the nationality of a staff member with dual Italian/United States nationality—Implications as regards the tax liability of such a determination 207
  46. Declarations under article 14 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination—Question whether such declarations may include restrictions as to the competence of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 208
  47. Legal capacity of the United Nations to acquire real and personal property, including to receive bequests—Article I, section 1, of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations—Form of words to be used in a will to ensure that a valid receipt will be obtained in respect of a gift to the United Nations 209
  48. Question whether the World Disarmament Campaign Fund can be made beneficiary of the estate by will of a citizen of the United States—Bequests made for a specified purpose may be accepted by the United Nations if the Secretary-General agrees that the purpose is consistent with the policies and activities of the Organization 210
  49. Proposed co-operation with a publishing firm for the preparation of a United Nations Atlas of the World—Question of the use of the United Nations name and emblem—United Nations requirements regarding boundary delimitations 211
  50. Use of the United Nations name and emblem by the University for Peace—General Assembly resolution 92 (I) of 7 December 1946 212
  51. Use of the United Nations flag—United Nations Flag Code and regulations implementing the Code—United Nations sponsorship of events organized by groups or individuals not officially connected with the Organization 212
  52. Implementation of the immunity of the United Nations from legal process—Procedures followed by the United Nations when confronted with an attempt to serve process—Policy of the Organization as regards demands for information about staff members 213
  53. Potential civil and criminal liability of members of the Security and Safety Service—Applicability of federal, state and local law within the Headquarters District—Immunity of United Nations officials from legal process in respect of acts performed by them in their official capacity 214
  54. Establishment in a Member State of a parallel exchange rate providing for a more favourable rate of exchange for the United States dollar than the official rate—Question whether the organizations of the United Nations system are entitled to the benefits of the best prevailing rate of exchange 215
  55. Question of the use of exempt salaries and emoluments of international officials to establish the tax rate payable on taxable income 216
  56. Privileges and immunities of experts on mission for the United Nations—Question of the national income taxation of honorariums payable to the members of the Human Rights Committee 217
  57. Decree issued in a Member State providing for a foreign fiscal certificate—Inclusion of citizens of that State on United Nations official travel status in the category of persons required to acquire and pay for such a certificate—Exemption of the United Nations from all direct taxes under the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations 217
  58. Proposed modification to the liability clause in the host conference agreement for the sixth session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development—Question of potential liability for damage caused by the gross negligence of United Nations officials 218
  59. Legal arrangements that might be required should the General Assembly decide to establish a world-wide United Nations short-wave network, in particular for broadcasts emanating from the Headquarters of the United Nations and the seats of the regional economic commissions 219
  60. Question of the application of section 205 of the United States Foreign Missions Act of 1982 to the permanent missions accredited to the United Nations 220
  61. Tax exemptions granted in New York to officers of a permanent mission to the United Nations—Distinction between members of a mission with diplomatic rank and members of the administrative and technical staff 226
  62. Status of the Observer Mission of the South West Africa People's Organization to the United Nations—Question whether it enjoys immunity from suit in an action brought in a court of the United States 227

Part Three. Judicial decisions on questions relating to the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations

Chapter VII. Decisions and advisory opinions of international tribunals View PDF file
Chapter VIII. Decisions of national tribunals View PDF file
  1. Republic of the Philippines  
      Intermediate Appellate Court  
      United States Lines, Inc., v. World Health Organization: Judgement of 30 September 1983  
      Claim by an ocean shipping company against WHO for demurrage on cargo shipped by the company—Immunities of international organizations from local jurisdiction 232
  2. Italy  
      Pretura di Roma  
      Aziz v. Caruzzi: Order of 12 November 1983  
      Eviction order on expiry of the private dwelling lease of a senior staff member of IFAD—Headquarters Agreement between Italy and IFAD of 26 July 1978—Immunity of the diplomatic agent from civil Italian jurisdiction and his exemption from any measures of execution in the sense of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 232

Part Four. Bibliography

Bibliography View PDF file
Legal bibliography of the United Nations and related intergovernmental organizations  
A. International organizations and international law in general  
  1. General 238
  2. Particular questions 240
B. United Nations  
  1. General 241
  2. Particular organs 241
      General Assembly 241
      International Court of Justice 241
      Secretariat 243
      Security Council 243
  3. Particular questions or activities  
      Collective security 243
      Commercial arbitration 244
      Diplomatic relations 244
      Disarmament 245
      Domestic jurisdiction 246
      Environmental questions 246
      Human rights 247
      International administrative law 248
      International criminal law 249
      International economic law 249
      International terrorism 251
      International trade law 251
      Intervention 252
      Law of the sea 252
      Law of treaties 258
      Law of war 258
      Maintenance of peace 259
      Membership and representation 260
      Most-favoured-nation clause 260
      Namibia 260
      Natural resources 260
      Non-governmental organizations 261
      Outer space 261
      Peaceful settlement of disputes 262
      Political and security questions 263
      Progressive development and codification of international law (general) 264
      Recognition of States 264
      Refugees 265
      Right of asylum 265
      Rule of law 265
      Self-determination 265
      State responsibility 266
      State sovereignty 267
      State succession 267
      Trade and development 267
      Use of force 269
C. Intergovernmental organizations related to the United Nations  
  Particular organizations  
    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 269
    General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades 271
    International Atomic Energy Agency 271
    International Civil Aviation Organization 271
    International Labour Organization 272
    International Maritime Organization 272
    International Monetary Fund 273
    International Telecommunication Union 273
    United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 274
    World Bank 274
      International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes 275
    World Health Organization 275
    World Intellectual Property Organization 275