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Mr. Petros C. Mavroidis

Mr. Petros C. Mavroidis
Edwin B. Parker Professor of Law
Columbia Law School

Biography Biography in PDF

International Economic Law
Trade

The lecture will address the distinction between exemptions and exceptions. It will explain the rationale and architecture of Article XX of the GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), with an overview of important case law in the GATT-era and the WTO-era. Lastly, the lecture will focus on new generation agreements.

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(02/09/2025, 31 minutes)


International Economic Law
Trade
Exception Clauses in International Trade Law

A. Legal Instruments

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Geneva, 30 October 1947, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 55, p. 187.

Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, Rome, 25 March 1957, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 294, p. 3.

Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, Geneva, 12 April 1979, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1186, p. 276.

Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization (with final act, annexes and protocol), Marrakesh, 15 April 1994, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1867, p. 3.

General Agreement on Trade in Services, Annex 1B, Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization, Marrakesh, 15 April 1994.

B. Jurisprudence

World Trade Organization, United States — Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products, Article 21.5, Appellate Body Report of 22 October 2001, WT/DS58/AB/RW.  

World Trade Organization, United States — Measures Concerning the Importation, Marketing and Sale of Tuna and Tuna Products, Article 21.5, Appellate Body Report of 14 December 2018, WT/DS132/AB/RW2.